Not all critical materials are strategically equal. This work introduces a new way to identify where real leverage still exists.

Critical materials aren’t scarce—they’re lost. This work shows why recycling fails and how systems must be redesigned for retention.

Ireland has the geology to store CO₂ at scale—but not the system to use it. This study reveals where the real barriers lie.

Geothermal energy in Ireland isn’t limited by geology—it’s limited by policy. This work shows what’s holding it back.